Použití :
v Děj, který začal i skončil v minulosti
I saw a movie yesterday.
Last year, I didn’t travel to Korea.
He washed his car last week.
v Krátkodobá činnost v minulosti
Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
We sat at the beach all day.
They did not stay at the party the entire time.
Typické výrazy pro jednoduchý minulý čas:
yesterday, last year, last week,… ago, before, when, then, once.
Kladná věta (oznamovací) :
Osoba + pravidelné sloveso + přípona ed
We finished two hours ago.
She lived in Paris.
I studied French when I was a child.
Tom worked last Sunday.
He cleaned his car yesterday.
NEBO !!!
Osoba + nepravidelné sloveso z 2. sloupce (viz tab.)
I swam yesterday.
He broke a cup yesterday.
They came to see us at the weekend.
We wrote a letter for him.
She gave us a lot of homework.
Záporná věta (oznamovací) :
Osoba + DIDN’T + sloveso v základním tvaru
He didn’t swim.
They didn’t play the piano.
We didn’t see a play yesterday.
Otázka :
(Otázkové zájmeno) + were/ was + osoba + …?
Where were you yesterday?
When was your exam?
Was the party good?
Were the people interesting?
(Otázkové zájmeno) + Did + osoba + sloveso v základním tvaru ?
Did he finish yesterday?
Did she speak to my uncle?
Did you hear me?
When did Anna start school?
What did they buy yesterday?
Nepravidelná slovesa
| Překlad | Infinitiv | Past tense |
| být | be | was/were |
| stát se | become [bi’kam] | became [bi‘keim] |
| začít | begin [bi’gin] | began [bi’gaen] |
| porušit, zlomit | break [breik] | broke [brouk] |
| přinést | bring [brin] | brought [bro:t] |
| postavit | build [bild] | built [bilt] |
| hořet | burn [be:n] | burnt [be:nt] |
| koupit | buy [bai] | bought [bo:t] |
| stihnout | catch [kaeč] | caught [ko:t] |
| vybrat si | choose [ču:z] | chose [čouz] |
| přijít | come [kam] | came [keim] |
| stát | cost [kost] | cost [kost] |
| krájet | cut [kat] | cut [kat] |
| dělát | do [du:] | did [did] |
| táhnout | draw [dro:] | drew [dru:] |
| pít | drink [drink] | drank [draenk] |
| řídit (auto) | drive [draiv] | drove [drouv] |
| jíst | eat [i:t] | ate [et] |
| padat | fall [fo:l] | fell [fel] |
| krmit | feed [fi:d] | fed [fed] |
| cítit | feel [fi:l] | felt [felt] |
| bojovat | fight [fait] | fought [fo:t] |
| hledat | find [faind] | found [faund] |
| letět | fly [flai] | flew [flu:] |
| zapomenout | forget [fe’get] | forgot [fe’got] |
| dostat | get [get] | got [got] |
| dát | give [giv] | gave [geiv] |
| jít | go [gou] | went [went] |
| růst | grow [grou] | grew [gru:] |
| mít | have [haev] | had [haed] |
| slyšet | hear [hie] | heard [he:d] |
| skrýt | hide [haid] | hid [hid] |
| udeřit | hit [hit] | hit [hit] |
| zranit | hurt [he:t] | hurt [he:t] |
| dodržovat | keep [ki:p] | kept [kept] |
| vědět | know [nou] | knew [nju:] |
| učit se | learn [le:n] | learnt [le:nt] |
| nechat, opustit | leave [li:v] | left [left] |
| půjčit | lend [lend] | lent [lent] |
| nechat | let [let] | let [let] |
| rozsvítit | light [lait] | lit [lit] |
| vyrábět | make [meik] | made [meid] |
| setkat se | meet [mi:t] | met [met] |
| platit | pay [pei] | paid [peid] |
| dát, položit | put [put] | put [put] |
| číst | read [ri:d] | read [red] |
| jezdit | ride [raid] | rode [roud] |
| zvonit | ring [rin] | rang [raen] |
| stoupat | rise [raiz] | rose [rouz] |
| běžet | run [ran] | ran [raen] |
| říkat | say [sei] | said [sed] |
| vidět | see [si:] | saw [so:] |
| prodat | sell [sel] | sold [sould] |
| poslat | send [send] | sent [sent] |
| postavit, nastavit | set [set] | set [set] |
| ukázat | show [šou] | showed [šoud] |
| zpívat | sing [sin] | sang [saen] |
| sedět | sit [sit] | sat [saet] |
| spát | sleep [sli:p] | slept [slept] |
| cítit zápach | smell [smel] | smelt [smelt] |
| mluvit | speak [spi:k] | spoke [spouk] |
| hláskovat, psát pravopisně | spell [spel] | spelt [spelt] |
| ukrást | steal [sti:l] | stole [stoul] |
| plavat | swim [swim] | swam [swaem] |
| vzít | take [teik] | took [tuk] |
| učit | teach [ti:č] | taught [to:t] |
| říct | tell [tel] | told [tould] |
| myslet | think [θink] | thought [θo:t] |
| házet | throw [θrou] | threw [θru:] |
| rozumět | understand | understood […stud] |
| probudit se |
 Monika P.Related Story |
